Terms - R
R & B
R.
R.H.
Ra
rabbia
Racket
racket bassoon
Rackett
Rackettenfagott
raddolcendo
radical bass
raga
ragtime
railroad tracks
rainstick
raking
rall.
rallentando
Ranckett
range
rank
rant
rap
rapidamente
rasch
rastrum
ratchet
Ratsche
rattenuto
rattle
rattle idiophone
ravvivando
Ré
Re
Ré bémol
Re bemol
Re bemolle
Ré dièse
Re diesis
Re doble bemol
Re doble sostenido
Re doppio bemolle
Re doppio diesis
Ré double bémol
Ré double dièse
Re sostenido
real, tonal
realize
rebec
rebube
rec.
recall
recap
recapitulation
recessional
Rechte
rechte Hand
recital
récitative
recitative
recitative misurato
recitativo
recorder
recoupe
redonda
reduction
reed
reed cap
reel
refrain
regal
reggae
Regina caeli laetare
register
registration
rehearse
Reigenlied
réjouissance
relative key
relative pitch
religioso
relish
reminder accidental
remote keys
Renaissance
repeat
repercussion
répertoire
repertory
répéter
repeticiôn
replica
reprise
Requiem
Requiem Mass
rescue opera
resolution
Resonanzboden
Resonanzkörper
resonator
resonator box
respond
response
responsorial singing
responsory
rest
restez
retardation
retransition
Retreat
retrograde
retrograde canon
retrograde inversion
retrograde motion
retrogression
Reveille
reverse motion
Rezitativ
rhapsody
rhetoric and music
rhumba
rhyme
rhythm
rhythm and blues
rhythm clef
rhythm guitar
rhythm section
rhythmic modes
Ri
ribattuta
ribs
riccio
ricercare
richiamo per uccelli
ride cymbal
riff
rigaudon
right
right hand
rigore
rim
rim shot
rinforzare
ringing chord
rip.
ripieno
ripresa
risoluto
rispetto
rit.
ritard.
ritardando
riten.
ritenuto
ritornello
rock band
rock music
rock n' roll
rockabilly
rocket theme
Rococo style
Rohrblatt
roll
roll rudiments
roman numeral analysis
romance
Romantic
romanza
Romanze
ronde
rondeau
rondellus
rondo
root
root position
rosin
Rossini crescendo
Rossini rocket
rota
rotary valve
rote
rotrouenge
rotte
roulade
round
ruan
rub board
rubato
rudiment
rudimental drumming
rudimental roll
ruff
Ruffles and Flourishes
ruggiero
ruhig
rumba
run
Russian school
rustico
Rute
RV
Ryom Verzeichnis
rainstick
[English]
The rainstick is a percussion instrument that can be classified as a shaken idiophone. The rainstick is generally used to create the sound effects of rain or, when shaken, a sound similar to the maracas.
It consists of a long, hollow tube, capped at both ends and filled with small pellets of some sort (possibly pebbles, sand, seeds, dried beans, etc.). Numerous small pins are placed along the length of the inside of the tube and are arranged inwards toward the center of the tube. When the rainstick is turned end over end, the pellets fall to the opposite end of the tube, creating the sound of a rain storm as they bounce off the pins. Although the instrument is not intended to be literally shaken, it is turned from one end to another to allow the pellets to fall from one end to the other creating a shaking motion within the instrument. Turning the rainstick over at different angles provide different sounds and speeds of the pellets moving through the tube.
It is generally thought that the rainstick was invented by Chilean tribes in South America. The instrument was believed to evoke the rain spirits. The early rainsticks were created from dead, dried cactus with the thorns pushed inward. They filled the inside was filled with pebbles, lava rock, seeds, sand, and other materials that were readily available. When turned upside down it created a rain-like sound as the objects inside cascaded over the thorns. It was both rhythmic and very soothing. They also found that placing different objects inside the tube would result in different sounds. The instrument was eventually used for ceremonial music when dancing and were decorated with symbols consistent with rain, weather, crops, and the spirits that rule them. Similar instruments can be found in Africa that use use gourds in place of the cactus.